Comparing the Efficacy of Low-Carb versus Low-Fat Diets on Weight Loss and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

This randomized clinical trial aimed to compare the efficacy of low-carb and low-fat diets in terms of weight loss and improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors. After 12 weeks, both groups experienced significant weight loss compared to baseline (p < 0.05). However, the low-carb group demonstrated a greater reduction in body weight and fat mass compared to the low-fat group (mean weight loss: 8.5 kg vs. 6.2 kg, respectively). Additionally, participants in the low-carb group exhibited greater improvements in lipid profile, including reductions in total cholesterol and triglycerides, and increases in HDL cholesterol levels. Both groups experienced improvements in glycemic parameters, with no significant differences between the groups. No adverse events related to the dietary interventions were reported. In this randomized clinical trial, both low-carb and low-fat diets were effective for weight loss and improving cardiometabolic risk factors over a 12-week period. However, the low-carb diet resulted in greater weight loss and more favorable changes in lipid profile compared to the low-fat diet. These findings suggest that low-carb diets may be a preferable option for individuals seeking weight loss and improvements in cardiometabolic health. Further research is warranted to explore the long-term effects and sustainability of these dietary approaches.