Publication Ethics

Ethical standards for publication are needed to ensure high-quality scientific publications, public trust in scientific research, and recognition for their ideas. The following should be avoided:

Data fabrication and falsification: Data fabrication means that a researcher hasn't done any work but simply made up data. Data falsification means that a researcher has performed an experiment but then changed some of the data. Both of these actions undermine public trust in scientists. If the public loses trust in science, it will stop providing financial support.

Plagiarism: Using someone else's ideas and work without giving them credit is dishonest and unfair. Copying even a single sentence from another person's manuscript, or even your own from a previously published manuscript, without proper citation is considered plagiarism—represent the meaning in your own words.

Submitting to multiple journals: It is unethical to submit a single manuscript to more than one journal simultaneously. Such actions waste the time of editors and reviewers and can damage the reputation of journals if the manuscript is published in more than one. Duplicate publications: publishing similar manuscripts based on the same experiment. This will lead to readers not paying attention to your manuscripts.

Incorrect authorship: All listed authors must have made a significant scientific contribution to the research described in the manuscript and substantiate their claims. Be sure to include everyone who has made a significant scientific contribution, including students and research assistants.