The Legal Framework of the Stages of the Public Budget and Its Role in Achieving Financial Transparency

Abstract

This article dives into the stages of the state’s general budget as the prominent instrument for implementing fiscal policy and achieving economic and social objectives. It addresses the stage of budget preparation by identifying the competent authorities and the legal procedures adopted for estimating revenues and expenditures. It then discusses the stage of budget approval, followed by the stage of budget execution, during which public revenues are collected and expenditures are disbursed in accordance with legally allocated appropriations. The study also highlights the various forms of oversight exercised, whether administrative, parliamentary, or judicial, and their role in ensuring the legality of financial operations and the protection of public funds. The study concludes that the effectiveness of the general budget depends on proper coordination between its different stages and the existence of effective control mechanisms that enhance the principles of transparency and accountability, thereby contributing to development and ensuring the proper management of the state’s financial resources.