Ethical Relativism and Moral Dialogue in a Globalized World

Abstract

In an era of globalization, societies are increasingly interconnected, bringing diverse ethical frameworks into contact. Ethical relativism—the idea that moral standards are culturally or socially contingent—challenges universalist approaches to morality and raises questions about cross-cultural dialogue, human rights, and global cooperation. This paper examines the philosophical foundations of ethical relativism, analyzes its strengths and limitations, and explores the challenges it poses to moral dialogue in a globalized world. Drawing on metaethics, cross-cultural philosophy, and contemporary global ethics, the study argues that while ethical relativism promotes cultural sensitivity and pluralism, uncritical relativism may hinder constructive moral discourse. The paper further evaluates strategies for fostering dialogue, including reflective equilibrium, intercultural ethics, and cosmopolitan moral frameworks, demonstrating that ethical pluralism and global moral engagement can coexist when guided by reasoned deliberation and mutual respect.